Tuesday, August 31, 2010

Literature Review

Animation

a) “Animated films are the biggest special effect cinema has yet given us. In animation anything can happen. Animated movie are also an immensely common source of reference for people.”
(Clarke,J ,2004, p.2)

Animation takes a very important role in human life. Animation not only acts as entertainment to the audience, it also becomes a way of healing arts, and preserving art. Researcher is using animation communicate with audience. Animation is a simple way to perform a story to audience and audience can understand.

b) “Experimental animation thus privileges the literal evolution of materiality instead of narrative and thematic content, showing us, for example, how a small physical nature of the paint itself, the colour of the dot and its background, and the shapes that emerge out of the initial design…”
(Wells,P , 1998, p.45)

Experimental animation can provide vision and a sense of entertaining the audience with the movement of lines, colors and other elements. Using rights of colours can influence whole animation. Different colours can brings different feeling to audience and different stage audience is interested with different type of colours. For example, younger will more attract by colourful animation. The quality of drawing line brings realistic to audience. Others element such as lighting, timing can influence an animation.

Literature Review

Chinese Three Character Classic

a) “…To the children during ancient time, Chinese Three Character Classic is easy to understand but for the people of modern age, event the graduate student not understands the meaning…”
(Novum Organum Publishing House, 2008, p.5)

Chinese three character classic is a kind of verse. Student nowadays mostly study modern Chinese and they are week in Classical Chinese characters. From an animation, they can understand more easily what story from Chinese three character classic telling. Animation can telling story by the simple script and performs vivid through the movement of character.

b) “When everyone was born, they have a kind heard. Because of the different of education method and environment, everyone will have the different attitude. If a person did not educate from young, they will easily influence by the environment…”
(Penguin Editorial Department , 2008, p.3)

From Penguin Editorial Department stated, a good environment for human life in terms of growth is important. It not only requires high quality modern life, it also considers the need of high quality spiritual life. In life, environment train qualified personal. In the other hand, a bad environment will flooded a talented person. Researcher more understands with the clear and confirms translation from this book. By reading this book, researcher can understand the story line of Three Character Classic and conform the true story telling. When researcher writes script and plot, this book can give a good reference.

c) “…It can be said that this was the starting point at which Chinese settlers gradually began to lose their culture heritage in the sense that although they still clung on to certain traditions and costumes, they did so not knowing the meaning behind their acts.”
(Mong, L.S, 2006, p.90)

According to Lee Siow Mong, when a student studies, is better if they know the real meaning behind the study. When they know the real meaning, they can understand the study and remember easily. Most of the real meaning behind the Chinese Three Character Classic, they are including the traditional Chinese education, history, astronomy, geography, ethics and moral as well as Chinese folklore. A researcher has the responsible to know all the meaning behind the research. From study the real meaning of the story, researcher can avoid collect the wrong data.

Hypothesis

Perform Chinese Character Classic with using experimental technique animation. From the experimental technique, it can create an inspiration and motivation to audience.

Scope of study

The study of this report is focused on the young adult who is general between the age of 20 and 50. The young generation is too young to understand Three Character Classic which performs in experimental animation. Furthermore, young adult are relatively mature age of thinking and independent to decide the story (Wikipedia, 2010).Story of Three Character Classic can give education to young adult and they able spread to the next generation or other people.

Limitation

The source of research such as journals, videos, books and magazines of Chinese three character classic are limited in the library. Besides, the articles which I found mostly are in Chinese language and it’s take time to translate into English. Some of the Chinese characters are profound and Chinese three character is in old form of character classic method.

Objective

· To identify the use of story Three Character Classic in experimental animation.

· To analyze the technique of experimental animation use in story of Three Character Classic.

· To create an animated story which audience can understand based on story of Three Chinese Classic.

· To validate the experimental animation using animation components and theories.

Problem statement

· Youth generation are not familiar and understand the real meaning of Three Characters Classic. As an opportunity to introduce the story more clearly in animation. Youth generation is more interested in montage and fantasy animation.

· Others nation and races like Malays and Indians in Malaysia will know more about the story of Three Character Classic and understand Chinese culture. Through animation, audience can enjoy the story from the visual and auditory.

Experimental Animation

Whichever of the many and varied techniques is used, making an animated film always involves constructing it frame by frame. When projected, these frames create an illusion of movement. Movement is created from still images. Once the movement has been recorded on film, video, bytes or by means of some other process or system yet to be invited, the animator’s objective and passion are to alter. The comment method of presenting animation is as a motion picture or video program. There are also several forms of presenting in animation.
Experimentation is vital to the continued growth of animation, whether carried out by the committed or the animation film maker. They seeks experimental animation to develop the art and improve their personal skills.

Norman McLaren, who has become over a period of years the best known originator of abstract or near-abstract animation, claims that his approach to each new film is experimental in the sense that he wants to explore his own particular field of work still further. An experimental animation or film grows out for animator own individual techniques. The using of creative media to create an experimental animation is endless and no limitation. Such as:

Cut-out animation

Cut-out animation involves moving cut-out shapes in small steps and taking a picyure at each
stage, this is a lot less works than having to draw every single frame of animation.

Sand animation

Sand animation is a creative way to use sand, music, and a story to create amazing imagery.
Sand animation is simply the art of using one’s hand to draw with sand. Artist creat their master pieces by adding or removing sand from glass. By using both positive and negative space, amazing images come to life before the audience.

Paint on Glass animation

Paint-on glass animation is a technique for making animated films by manipulating some kind of wet media. Oil paint is most often used because it dries very slowly; enable animator to keep working with the media.

Silhouette animation

Silhouette animation is animation in which the character are only as black silhouettes. This is usually accomplished by backlighting articulated cardboard cut-outs, though other methods exist.

Model animation

Model animation is a form of stop motion animation designed to merge with live action footage to create the illusion of a real-world fantasy sequence.

Go motion

Go motion is a variation of stop motion animation, and was co-developed by industrial Light & Magic and Phil Tippett for the 1980 George Lucas film Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back.

Object animation

Object animation is a form of stop motion animation that involves the animated movement of any non-drawn objects such as toys, blocks, dolls, ect, which are not fully malleable, such as clay or wax, and not designed to look like a recognizable human or animal character.

Graphic animation

Graphic animation is a variation of stop motion( and possibly more conceptually associated with traditional flat cel animation and paper drawing animation, but still technically qualifying as stop motion) consisting of the animation of photographs (in whole or in parts) and other non-drawn flat visual graphic material, such as newspaper and magazine clippings.

Puppet animation

Puppetry is a form of theatre or performance which involves the manipulation of puppets. Most puppetry involves storytelling. Puppet animation means puppet have been used extensively in animated films since 1946.

Clay animation

Clay animation is one of many forms of stop motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, is ‘deformable’- made of a malleable substance, usually plasticine clay. Each frame, or still picture, is recorded on film or digital media and then played back in rapid succession.

There are many techniques produce animation. Besides, the suitable of theme is important in giving the strong feeling to audience.

Background of Research

The Three Character Classic, Trimetric Classic or San Zi Jing is one of the Chinese Classic texts. It was probably written in the 13th century and attributed to Wang Yinglin during the Song Dynasty. It is also attributed to Ou Shizi.
The work is not one of the traditional six Confucian classic, but rather the embodiment of Confucianism suitable for teaching young children. Until the later part of the 19th century, it served as a child’s first formal education at home. The text is written in triplets of characters for easy memorization. With illiteracy common for most people at the time, the oral tradition of reciting the classic ensured its popularity and survival through the centuries. With the short and simple text arranged in three character verses, children learned many common characters, grammar structures, and elements of Chinese history and the basic of Confucian morality.The first four states the core credo of Confucianism as developed by Mencius, considered one of the influential traditional Chinese philosophers after Confucius.

子不学 (zi bu xue) If the child does not learn
非所宜 (fei shuo yi) this is not as it should be
幼不学 (you bu xue) If he does not learn while young
老何为 (lao wei he) what will he be when old?
( Novum Organum, 2007)

From this, Three Character Classic have the useful for literacy, augmented knowledge, instill the concept of moral value. Besides, it imparts the knowledge of political and ideological education. It only 1044 Chinese characters and explains the changes of five thousand years of China history.

昔孟母 (xi meng mu) The mother of Mencius,
择邻处 (ze lin chu) choose a neighborhood,
子不学 (zi bu xue) when her child would not learn well
断机杼 (duan ji zhu) she broke the shuttle from the loom.
(Novum Organum, 2007)

The Three Moving of Mencius’s Mother is a Chinese story. It tells the tale of the mother of Mencius, the great philosopher. When Mencius was small, his mother moved home three times. First, they moved near a blacksmith’s shop. When Mencius’s mother found that he was playing with metal scraps, she decided to move. Next, they moved near a graveyard. Mencius’s mother found him imitating the mourners and holding mock funerals. Finally, they moved to a house beside a school. Mencius discovered a great interest in studying, and eventually became a great scholar.

Introduction

This is a research study on the Story of three character classic in animation. The study focuses on one of the story line three character classic and uses techniques of experimental animation produce an education story to young adult’s generation. They can understand better the story of three character classic and inheritance the story.

Title

Application of experimental animation technique in narrative Chinese three character classic.